Albuterol
Half Life: 4 hours (approximately)
Effective Dose: Varies
Active Ingredient: Albuterol Sulfate
Chemical Formula: C13H21N O3
Molecular Weight: 239.31074
Chemical Name: 4-[2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2- (hydroxymethyl)phenol
***ALBUTEROL INTRODUCTION
Albuterol is a selective beta-2-adrenergic agonist, also called beta-2 stimulant.
Used therapeutically as a bronchodilator, Albuterol is administered for the prevention and treatment of breathing complications like asthma, and chest tightness often precipitated by lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (a group of diseases that affect the lungs and airways). Classified as a bronchodilator, Albuterol is absorbed at the beta-receptor level and works by relaxing and opening air passages to the lungs for easier breathing.
Originally introduced within the United States in 1980 and sold under the brand name Ventolin, Albuterol is one of the most popular asthma medications on the market. Consequently, it can be found under a variety of generic brand names, and is marketed as both an inhalant and oral drug in many companies by names such as Vospire, Aerolin, Asthalin, Buventol, Salbutamol, Sultanol, Broncovaleas, Salamol, Ventolin, Volmax, Cobutolin, Novosalmol, and Proventil.
ALBUTEROL FUNCTIONS & TRAITS
Structurally speaking, Albuterol's chemical name is 4-[2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol, it's a short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist, and it is a member of a wide range of drugs called sympathomimetics which diversely affect the sympathetic nervous system. In short, the body is contains nine different types of receptors, classified as alpha or beta, which are further specified by type number. It is sometimes said that the receptor has an affinity for the drug, but can also be stated that the drug has an affinity for the receptor, nevertheless a very direct attraction exists between the two.
Most often prescribed for inhalation in the treatment and prevention of bronchospasms in people with reversible obstructive airway disease, Albuterol is also used to specifically prevent exercise induced bronchospasms. Catecholamines and sympathomimetics like Albuterol, are broadly classified by types of actions which often overlap into more than one of seven groups: 1) metabolic – increases the rate of glycogenolysis (metabolism/mobilization) of stored energy in fat and muscle cells, and within the liver; 2) peripheral excitatory – affects certain types of smooth muscles such as blood vessels which supply the glandular cells (such as the salivary glands, sweat glands, etc.), kidneys, mucous membranes, and skin; 3) central nervous system – promotes increases in psychomotor activity, respiratory stimulation, wakefulness, and a decrease in appetite; 4) endocrine – causes modulation of the secretion of rennin, pituitary hormones, and insulin; 5) cardiac excitatory – responsible for increases in heart rate the force with which the heart contracts; 6) presynaptic – results in the inhibition or facilitation of the release of neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and norepinephrine; and 7) peripheral inhibitory – impacts specific smooth muscle groups like those within the bronchial tree, blood vessels that supply the muscular system, and gut.
Sold in most other countries under the very popular name Salbutamol, Albuterol is primarily found in the form of an inhaler designed to provide the amount of drug necessary to instantly and directly open bronchial tubes for during asthma attacks. Inhaler's very specific minimal dosing largely prevents unnecessary cardiovascular side effects.
As a central nervous system stimulant (CNS), Albuterol can increase alertness and mental clarity, while enhancing respiratory and cardiovascular efficiency. Very similar to its chemical cousin Clenbuterol, Albuterol increases the metabolic rate, which breaks stored fat and triglycerides down into forms of energy that the body can readily process. Due to its ability to increase thermogenesis (the process in which the body raises its temperature, to release said energy), Albuterol can also be effectively administered by athletes.
EFFECTS OF ALBUTEROL
Traditionally taken by athletes and bodybuilders as an ancillary drug within anabolic steroid cycles, Albuterol accelerates thermogenesis and is primarily administered for definition enhancement. Albuterol possesses all the traditional properties of its more popular chemical cousin Clenbuterol. Although both compounds provide virtually the same efficient fat-burning benefits, Albuterol may be better for athletes firstly due to a significantly shorter half life of approximately 4 hours as compared to 34 hours, and secondly because Albuterol exhibits some rather interesting effects on strength as well.
In one study, subjects performed isokinetic knee extensions twice weekly for a total of 9 weeks. Albuterol was given to group one for 6 weeks, while group two received a placebo. Both groups were routinely given 16 mg of either treatment, in conjunction with strength training, and had their results recorded. The group receiving that Albuterol treatment showed greater strength increases during both mid and post testing. Such results demonstrate that even at therapeutic doses Albuterol can impact strength improvement when administered in conjunction with regular weight training. Clenbuterol and Ephedrine, two other beta agonists, have also demonstrated some capacity for strength enhancement when combined with training.
ALBUTEROL ADMINISTRATION
The performance enhancement administration protocol for Albuterol is the same as the clinical administration. The usual recommended dosage for adults and pediatric patients over 12 years of age is one extended release tablet 8 mg every 12 hours. Because of its short, approximately 4 hour half life the non extended release tablets, aerosol, and syrup are typically administered three or four times daily. It is recommended that Albuterol be administered at or around the same times every day.
Albuterol, and all such beta agonists, possess a propensity towards somewhat rapid tolerance, i.e. the thermogenic and stimulating effects of these drugs tend to be lessened and/or to wear off more rapidly within single dosages. These diminished effects can be easily measured by comparing one's normal temperature (baseline) to the temperature while taking Albuterol. Thus, when diminished effects are suspected, the user has both measures with which to compare. Albuterol dosages should not be continually increased beyond recommended upper limits to chase the side effects as tolerance to them builds, as this can be dangerous. Instead, for those who ascribe to the on/off cycle regimen, Albuterol administration should be discontinued for approximately four weeks, or as a general rule the same duration of time that it was being used (i.e. two weeks on, two weeks off) in order to permit the body's beta-receptors to upregulate (restore normalcy). First generation antihistamines, such as Benadryl, which naturally cleanse beta-receptor sites may aid in the upregulation of these receptors.
Individuals with any of below conditions should not use Albuterol as complications can arise:
a seizure disorder such as epilepsy
a heart rhythm disorder
overactive thyroid
heart disease, high blood pressure, or congestive heart failure
Diabetes
SIDE EFFECTS OF ALBUTEROL
There are several manufacturer listed possible side effects, but very few are actually experienced including: shakiness or slight tremors, increased mental alertness, muscle cramping, difficulty falling asleep and slightly accelerated (not irregular) heartbeat. However, when excessive amounts are taken, or when someone is reacting poorly to these medications they often experience: dizziness, headaches, uncontrollable shaking of a part of the body, nosebleeds, nausea, fast pounding or irregular heartbeat, chest pains, fevers, blisters or rash, hives, swelling of the face, throat, tongue, lips, eyes, hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs, difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing; and hoarseness.
Albuterol also has contraindicated drugs and drug categories (those that should not be taken at the same time) among which are:
a beta-blockers like metoprolol (Dutoprol, Lopressor, Toprol), nadolol (Corgard), nebivolol (Bystolic), propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran), sotalol (Betapace), atenolol (Tenormin, Tenoretic), carvedilol (Coreg), labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate)
MAO inhibitor like furazolidone (Furoxone), isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) or similar bronchodilators like levalbuterol (Xopenex), pirbuterol (Maxair), terbutaline (Brethine, Bricanyl), salmeterol (Advair, Serevent), metaproterenol (Alupent, Metaprel), or isoproterenol (Isuprel Mistometer)
digoxin (digitalis, Lanoxin)
antidepressant like amitriptyline (Elavil, Vanatrip, Limbitrol), doxepin (Sinequan, Silenor), nortriptyline (Pamelor), and others
diuretics
some over the counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal products
AVAILABILITY OF ALBUTEROL
Albuterol can be found in various dosages and forms including that of liquid syrups, aerosol sprays, tablets, and in extended release (long-acting) tablets.
In raw form, Albuterol is a white or off white powder that’s water soluble, slightly ethanol soluble, and often converted into 2, 4, and 8 mg tablets. Albuterol instructions explicitly state that extended released tablets should not be cut, broken, crushed, or chewed because such actions disrupt absorption. For all delivery methods, maximum plasma concentrations of about 18 ng/mL are achieved within 2 hours of administration.
Albuterol is manufactured by numerous companies within a variety of different countries and also goes by a diversity of brand names including Salbutamol, Sultanol, Broncovaleas, Aerolin, Asthalin, Buventol, Cobutolin, Novosalmol, Proventil, Salamol, Ventolin, Volmax, and Vospire.
Albuterol is a prescription drug, meaning it is illegal in the United States to purchase or possess it without said prescription.
ALBUTEROL REVIEW
Shown to significantly enhance fat burning processes, Albuterol has also been clinically demonstrated to improve strength, on top of its ability to optimize breathing during training. Consequently, Albuterol makes a very sound stand alone supplement, and is considered a beneficial anabolic cycle ancillary compound.
Half Life: 4 hours (approximately)
Effective Dose: Varies
Active Ingredient: Albuterol Sulfate
Chemical Formula: C13H21N O3
Molecular Weight: 239.31074
Chemical Name: 4-[2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2- (hydroxymethyl)phenol
***ALBUTEROL INTRODUCTION
Albuterol is a selective beta-2-adrenergic agonist, also called beta-2 stimulant.
Used therapeutically as a bronchodilator, Albuterol is administered for the prevention and treatment of breathing complications like asthma, and chest tightness often precipitated by lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (a group of diseases that affect the lungs and airways). Classified as a bronchodilator, Albuterol is absorbed at the beta-receptor level and works by relaxing and opening air passages to the lungs for easier breathing.
Originally introduced within the United States in 1980 and sold under the brand name Ventolin, Albuterol is one of the most popular asthma medications on the market. Consequently, it can be found under a variety of generic brand names, and is marketed as both an inhalant and oral drug in many companies by names such as Vospire, Aerolin, Asthalin, Buventol, Salbutamol, Sultanol, Broncovaleas, Salamol, Ventolin, Volmax, Cobutolin, Novosalmol, and Proventil.
ALBUTEROL FUNCTIONS & TRAITS
Structurally speaking, Albuterol's chemical name is 4-[2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol, it's a short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist, and it is a member of a wide range of drugs called sympathomimetics which diversely affect the sympathetic nervous system. In short, the body is contains nine different types of receptors, classified as alpha or beta, which are further specified by type number. It is sometimes said that the receptor has an affinity for the drug, but can also be stated that the drug has an affinity for the receptor, nevertheless a very direct attraction exists between the two.
Most often prescribed for inhalation in the treatment and prevention of bronchospasms in people with reversible obstructive airway disease, Albuterol is also used to specifically prevent exercise induced bronchospasms. Catecholamines and sympathomimetics like Albuterol, are broadly classified by types of actions which often overlap into more than one of seven groups: 1) metabolic – increases the rate of glycogenolysis (metabolism/mobilization) of stored energy in fat and muscle cells, and within the liver; 2) peripheral excitatory – affects certain types of smooth muscles such as blood vessels which supply the glandular cells (such as the salivary glands, sweat glands, etc.), kidneys, mucous membranes, and skin; 3) central nervous system – promotes increases in psychomotor activity, respiratory stimulation, wakefulness, and a decrease in appetite; 4) endocrine – causes modulation of the secretion of rennin, pituitary hormones, and insulin; 5) cardiac excitatory – responsible for increases in heart rate the force with which the heart contracts; 6) presynaptic – results in the inhibition or facilitation of the release of neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and norepinephrine; and 7) peripheral inhibitory – impacts specific smooth muscle groups like those within the bronchial tree, blood vessels that supply the muscular system, and gut.
Sold in most other countries under the very popular name Salbutamol, Albuterol is primarily found in the form of an inhaler designed to provide the amount of drug necessary to instantly and directly open bronchial tubes for during asthma attacks. Inhaler's very specific minimal dosing largely prevents unnecessary cardiovascular side effects.
As a central nervous system stimulant (CNS), Albuterol can increase alertness and mental clarity, while enhancing respiratory and cardiovascular efficiency. Very similar to its chemical cousin Clenbuterol, Albuterol increases the metabolic rate, which breaks stored fat and triglycerides down into forms of energy that the body can readily process. Due to its ability to increase thermogenesis (the process in which the body raises its temperature, to release said energy), Albuterol can also be effectively administered by athletes.
EFFECTS OF ALBUTEROL
Traditionally taken by athletes and bodybuilders as an ancillary drug within anabolic steroid cycles, Albuterol accelerates thermogenesis and is primarily administered for definition enhancement. Albuterol possesses all the traditional properties of its more popular chemical cousin Clenbuterol. Although both compounds provide virtually the same efficient fat-burning benefits, Albuterol may be better for athletes firstly due to a significantly shorter half life of approximately 4 hours as compared to 34 hours, and secondly because Albuterol exhibits some rather interesting effects on strength as well.
In one study, subjects performed isokinetic knee extensions twice weekly for a total of 9 weeks. Albuterol was given to group one for 6 weeks, while group two received a placebo. Both groups were routinely given 16 mg of either treatment, in conjunction with strength training, and had their results recorded. The group receiving that Albuterol treatment showed greater strength increases during both mid and post testing. Such results demonstrate that even at therapeutic doses Albuterol can impact strength improvement when administered in conjunction with regular weight training. Clenbuterol and Ephedrine, two other beta agonists, have also demonstrated some capacity for strength enhancement when combined with training.
ALBUTEROL ADMINISTRATION
The performance enhancement administration protocol for Albuterol is the same as the clinical administration. The usual recommended dosage for adults and pediatric patients over 12 years of age is one extended release tablet 8 mg every 12 hours. Because of its short, approximately 4 hour half life the non extended release tablets, aerosol, and syrup are typically administered three or four times daily. It is recommended that Albuterol be administered at or around the same times every day.
Albuterol, and all such beta agonists, possess a propensity towards somewhat rapid tolerance, i.e. the thermogenic and stimulating effects of these drugs tend to be lessened and/or to wear off more rapidly within single dosages. These diminished effects can be easily measured by comparing one's normal temperature (baseline) to the temperature while taking Albuterol. Thus, when diminished effects are suspected, the user has both measures with which to compare. Albuterol dosages should not be continually increased beyond recommended upper limits to chase the side effects as tolerance to them builds, as this can be dangerous. Instead, for those who ascribe to the on/off cycle regimen, Albuterol administration should be discontinued for approximately four weeks, or as a general rule the same duration of time that it was being used (i.e. two weeks on, two weeks off) in order to permit the body's beta-receptors to upregulate (restore normalcy). First generation antihistamines, such as Benadryl, which naturally cleanse beta-receptor sites may aid in the upregulation of these receptors.
Individuals with any of below conditions should not use Albuterol as complications can arise:
a seizure disorder such as epilepsy
a heart rhythm disorder
overactive thyroid
heart disease, high blood pressure, or congestive heart failure
Diabetes
SIDE EFFECTS OF ALBUTEROL
There are several manufacturer listed possible side effects, but very few are actually experienced including: shakiness or slight tremors, increased mental alertness, muscle cramping, difficulty falling asleep and slightly accelerated (not irregular) heartbeat. However, when excessive amounts are taken, or when someone is reacting poorly to these medications they often experience: dizziness, headaches, uncontrollable shaking of a part of the body, nosebleeds, nausea, fast pounding or irregular heartbeat, chest pains, fevers, blisters or rash, hives, swelling of the face, throat, tongue, lips, eyes, hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs, difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing; and hoarseness.
Albuterol also has contraindicated drugs and drug categories (those that should not be taken at the same time) among which are:
a beta-blockers like metoprolol (Dutoprol, Lopressor, Toprol), nadolol (Corgard), nebivolol (Bystolic), propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran), sotalol (Betapace), atenolol (Tenormin, Tenoretic), carvedilol (Coreg), labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate)
MAO inhibitor like furazolidone (Furoxone), isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) or similar bronchodilators like levalbuterol (Xopenex), pirbuterol (Maxair), terbutaline (Brethine, Bricanyl), salmeterol (Advair, Serevent), metaproterenol (Alupent, Metaprel), or isoproterenol (Isuprel Mistometer)
digoxin (digitalis, Lanoxin)
antidepressant like amitriptyline (Elavil, Vanatrip, Limbitrol), doxepin (Sinequan, Silenor), nortriptyline (Pamelor), and others
diuretics
some over the counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal products
AVAILABILITY OF ALBUTEROL
Albuterol can be found in various dosages and forms including that of liquid syrups, aerosol sprays, tablets, and in extended release (long-acting) tablets.
In raw form, Albuterol is a white or off white powder that’s water soluble, slightly ethanol soluble, and often converted into 2, 4, and 8 mg tablets. Albuterol instructions explicitly state that extended released tablets should not be cut, broken, crushed, or chewed because such actions disrupt absorption. For all delivery methods, maximum plasma concentrations of about 18 ng/mL are achieved within 2 hours of administration.
Albuterol is manufactured by numerous companies within a variety of different countries and also goes by a diversity of brand names including Salbutamol, Sultanol, Broncovaleas, Aerolin, Asthalin, Buventol, Cobutolin, Novosalmol, Proventil, Salamol, Ventolin, Volmax, and Vospire.
Albuterol is a prescription drug, meaning it is illegal in the United States to purchase or possess it without said prescription.
ALBUTEROL REVIEW
Shown to significantly enhance fat burning processes, Albuterol has also been clinically demonstrated to improve strength, on top of its ability to optimize breathing during training. Consequently, Albuterol makes a very sound stand alone supplement, and is considered a beneficial anabolic cycle ancillary compound.
