akn
Musclechemistry Member
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <wunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <woNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <wontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <wontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <wontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <wontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> <w:UseFELayout/> </w:Compatibility> <woNotOptimizeForBrowser/> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> [FONT="]Description:[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate is an anabolic steroid that is derived from[/FONT]
[FONT="]testosterone. Clostebol is 4-chloro-testosterone, a[/FONT]
[FONT="]modification that makes this steroid a low strength anabolic[/FONT]
[FONT="]compound with minimal androgenic potency. This analog of[/FONT]
[FONT="]testosterone is also not 17-alpha alkylated and does not[/FONT]
[FONT="]aromatize, so there is little worry of water retention,[/FONT]
[FONT="]gynecomastia, or liver toxicity during use. The hydrogen[/FONT]
[FONT="]substitution at the 4 position does not greatly enhance the oral[/FONT]
[FONT="]efficacy of this drug, however, so the injectable is much[/FONT]
[FONT="]more potent on a milligram for milligram basis, and[/FONT]
[FONT="]generally preferred. Although a derivative of the potent[/FONT]
[FONT="]androgen testosterone, clostebol is certainly far removed[/FONT]
[FONT="]from its parent steroid in action, and generally favored by[/FONT]
[FONT="]athletes for its mildness, not raw power.[/FONT]
[FONT="]History:[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate was first described in 1956.527 It was[/FONT]
[FONT="]developed into a medicine in Europe, where it was sold as[/FONT]
[FONT="]Steranabol (Farmitalia, Germany) and Turinabol (Jenapharm,[/FONT]
[FONT="]GDR). This anabolic steroid had generally been indicated[/FONT]
[FONT="]for the treatment of osteoporosis, although it has reportedly[/FONT]
[FONT="]been used with success for a wide variety of ailments[/FONT]
[FONT="]including anorexia and liver disease. Both oral and[/FONT]
[FONT="]injectable forms of the drug were produced, although the[/FONT]
[FONT="]injectable was more popularly used. Clostebol acetate was[/FONT]
[FONT="]commonly used with women and the elderly in European[/FONT]
[FONT="]medicine, making clear the relative mildness of this anabolic.[/FONT]
[FONT="]The side effects of anabolic/androgenic steroids can be much[/FONT]
[FONT="]more pronounced in these populations, so typically very[/FONT]
[FONT="]weak androgens are shown to be the most tolerable here.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Although quite favorable in effect and patient comfort,[/FONT]
[FONT="]clostebol acetate was never a widely successful anabolic,[/FONT]
[FONT="]and saw only limited use in a small number of markets. As[/FONT]
[FONT="]such, its future would be a tenuous one. The Turinabol[/FONT]
[FONT="]product from Jenapharm would disappear by the[/FONT]
[FONT="]reunification of Germany, and the Steranabol brand would[/FONT]
[FONT="]soon be replaced with lower dosed vitamin fortified[/FONT]
[FONT="]versions of the drug sold by Farmitalia under the new[/FONT]
[FONT="]Megagrisevit brand name. Pharmacia would acquire[/FONT]
[FONT="]Farmitalia in 1993, although for a short point thereafter[/FONT]
[FONT="]Megagrisevit was still being manufactured under the[/FONT]
[FONT="]Pharmacia label. This did not last long, however, and[/FONT]
[FONT="]Pharmacia eventually tightened up its line and removed this[/FONT]
[FONT="]steroid from its offerings. Clostebol acetate had also[/FONT]
[FONT="]appeared for some time in Japan, sold as Macrobin by the[/FONT]
[FONT="]firm Teikoku, but this product too has since been[/FONT]
[FONT="]discontinued.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Although the more functional injectable preparations of this[/FONT]
[FONT="]steroid are off the market, clostebol acetate is still[/FONT]
[FONT="]manufactured in a number of dermal preparations. The most[/FONT]
[FONT="]recognizable such product has been Alfa-Trofodermin from[/FONT]
[FONT="]Italy, although it has also been sold in such products as[/FONT]
[FONT="]Neobol (Mexico), Trofodermin (Chile, Brazil), and[/FONT]
[FONT="]Novaderm (Brazil). Dermal preparations of clostebol acetate[/FONT]
[FONT="]are generally used to treat ulcers and wounds, and often[/FONT]
[FONT="]include some neomycin to help accelerate healing. The doses[/FONT]
[FONT="]of steroid used in these products is generally very small,[/FONT]
[FONT="]however, and, combined with poor systemic delivery, are not[/FONT]
[FONT="]of much use to athletes. In addition, this steroid has even[/FONT]
[FONT="]been included in certain ophthalmologic solutions, which are[/FONT]
[FONT="]even less practical to use for performance-enhancing[/FONT]
[FONT="]purposes, and of less interest. Given that Megagrisevit was[/FONT]
[FONT="]the last remaining effective oral or injectable steroid product[/FONT]
[FONT="]to contain clostebol acetate, this drug is now essentially a[/FONT]
[FONT="]defunct item as far as the athletic use of steroids are[/FONT]
[FONT="]concerned.[/FONT]
[FONT="]How Supplied:[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate is no longer available as a commercial[/FONT]
[FONT="]oral or injectable agent. When produced (Steranabol) it[/FONT]
[FONT="]contained 20 mg/ml of steroid in a 2 mL glass ampule or 15[/FONT]
[FONT="]mg per tablet.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Structural Characteristics:[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol is a modified form of testosterone. It differs by the[/FONT]
[FONT="]introduction of a hydroxyl group at carbon 4, which inhibits[/FONT]
[FONT="]aromatization and reduces relative steroid androgenicity.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate contains clostebol modified with the[/FONT]
[FONT="]addition of carboxylic acid ester (acetic acid) at the 17-beta[/FONT]
[FONT="]hydroxyl group, so that the free steroid is released more[/FONT]
[FONT="]slowly from the area of injection.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Side Effects (Estrogenic):[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol is not aromatized by the body, and is not[/FONT]
[FONT="]measurably estrogenic. An anti-estrogen is not necessary[/FONT]
[FONT="]when using this steroid, as gynecomastia should not be a[/FONT]
[FONT="]concern even among sensitive individuals. Since estrogen is[/FONT]
[FONT="]the usual culprit with water retention, clostebol instead[/FONT]
[FONT="]produces a lean, quality look to the physique with no fear of[/FONT]
[FONT="]excess subcutaneous fluid retention. This makes it a[/FONT]
[FONT="]favorable steroid to use during cutting cycles, when water[/FONT]
[FONT="]and fat retention are major concerns.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Side Effects (Androgenic):[/FONT]
[FONT="]Although classified as an anabolic steroid, androgenic side[/FONT]
[FONT="]effects are still possible with this substance. This may[/FONT]
[FONT="]include bouts of oily skin, acne, and body/facial hair growth.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Anabolic/androgenic steroids may also aggravate male[/FONT]
[FONT="]pattern hair loss. Women are also warned of the potential[/FONT]
[FONT="]virilizing effects of anabolic/androgenic steroids. These may[/FONT]
[FONT="]include a deepening of the voice, menstrual irregularities,[/FONT]
[FONT="]changes in skin texture, facial hair growth, and clitoral[/FONT]
[FONT="]enlargement. Additionally, clostebol is not extensively[/FONT]
[FONT="]metabolized by the 5-alpha reductase enzyme, so its relative[/FONT]
[FONT="]androgenicity is not greatly altered by the concurrent use of[/FONT]
[FONT="]finasteride or dutasteride. Note that clostebol is a steroid[/FONT]
[FONT="]with low androgenic activity relative to its tissue-building[/FONT]
[FONT="]actions, making the threshold for strong androgenic side[/FONT]
[FONT="]effects comparably higher than with more androgenic agents[/FONT]
[FONT="]such as testosterone, methandrostenolone, or[/FONT]
[FONT="]fluoxymesterone.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Side Effects (Hepatotoxicity): [/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol is not a c17-alpha alkylated compound, and not[/FONT]
[FONT="]known to have hepatotoxic effects. Liver toxicity is unlikely.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Side Effects (Cardiovascular):[/FONT]
[FONT="]Anabolic/androgenic steroids can have deleterious effects on[/FONT]
[FONT="]serum cholesterol. This includes a tendency to reduce HDL[/FONT]
[FONT="](good) cholesterol values and increase LDL (bad)[/FONT]
[FONT="]cholesterol values, which may shift the HDL to LDL balance[/FONT]
[FONT="]in a direction that favors greater risk of arteriosclerosis. The[/FONT]
[FONT="]relative impact of an anabolic/androgenic steroid on serum[/FONT]
[FONT="]lipids is dependant on the dose, route of administration (oral[/FONT]
[FONT="]vs. injectable), type of steroid (aromatizable or nonaromatizable),[/FONT]
[FONT="]and level of resistance to hepatic metabolism.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol should have a stronger negative effect on the[/FONT]
[FONT="]hepatic management of cholesterol than testosterone or[/FONT]
[FONT="]nandrolone due to its non-aromatizable nature, but a much[/FONT]
[FONT="]weaker impact than c-17 alpha alkylated steroids.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Anabolic/androgenic steroids may also adversely affect[/FONT]
[FONT="]blood pressure and triglycerides, reduce endothelial[/FONT]
[FONT="]relaxation, and support left ventricular hypertrophy, all[/FONT]
[FONT="]potentially increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and[/FONT]
[FONT="]myocardial infarction.[/FONT]
[FONT="]To help reduce cardiovascular strain it is advised to[/FONT]
[FONT="]maintain an active cardiovascular exercise program and[/FONT]
[FONT="]minimize the intake of saturated fats, cholesterol, and simple[/FONT]
[FONT="]carbohydrates at all times during active AAS administration.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Supplementing with fish oils (4 grams per day) and a natural[/FONT]
[FONT="]cholesterol/antioxidant formula such as Lipid Stabil or a[/FONT]
[FONT="]product with comparable ingredients is also recommended.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Side Effects (Testosterone Suppression):[/FONT]
[FONT="]All anabolic/androgenic steroids when taken in doses[/FONT]
[FONT="]sufficient to promote muscle gain are expected to suppress[/FONT]
[FONT="]endogenous testosterone production. Without the intervention[/FONT]
[FONT="]of testosterone-stimulating substances, testosterone levels[/FONT]
[FONT="]should return to normal within 1-4 months of drug secession.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Note that prolonged hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism can[/FONT]
[FONT="]develop secondary to steroid abuse, necessitating medical[/FONT]
[FONT="]intervention.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Administration (Men):[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate is generally used in clinical doses of 30 mg[/FONT]
[FONT="]per week by injection or 15 mg 2-3 times per day orally. The[/FONT]
[FONT="]drug is administered for 3 consecutive weeks, followed by a[/FONT]
[FONT="]break for 3 weeks. It is resumed at this point if indicated[/FONT]
[FONT="]Effective doses for physique- or performance-enhancing[/FONT]
[FONT="]purposes fall in the range of 100-300 mg per week, taken for[/FONT]
[FONT="]6-12 weeks. Given the fast-acting nature of acetate[/FONT]
[FONT="]injectables, the weekly dosage is generally subdivided into[/FONT]
[FONT="]injections given at least every third day. With the low dosage[/FONT]
[FONT="]of previous commercial clostebol acetate products, daily[/FONT]
[FONT="]injectable were most common. Given the lower[/FONT]
[FONT="]bioavailability and higher price, oral forms of the drug were[/FONT]
[FONT="]not commonly used by athletes. When administered, a daily[/FONT]
[FONT="]dosage of 60-90 mg appeared to be the most common.[/FONT]
[FONT="]The anabolic effect of this drug is fairly weak, so clostebol[/FONT]
[FONT="]acetate is most often utilized in combination with other[/FONT]
[FONT="]steroids for a stronger effect. The general application is to[/FONT]
[FONT="]use it for contest preparations with other non-aromatizing[/FONT]
[FONT="]anabolics such as Winstrol® or oxandrolone. Here, a daily[/FONT]
[FONT="]dose of 20 mg may be added in with an average dose (20-30[/FONT]
[FONT="]mg per day) of the oral anabolic, which together should[/FONT]
[FONT="]provide the user a nice muscle building effect without any[/FONT]
[FONT="]water retention. The effect of clostebol would be somewhat[/FONT]
[FONT="]similar to that seen with the old Primobolan® acetate[/FONT]
[FONT="]ampules, although Megagrisevit is somewhat weaker in[/FONT]
[FONT="]effect. Some also opt to use this compound in addition with[/FONT]
[FONT="]strong non-aromatizing androgens such as trenbolone,[/FONT]
[FONT="]Halotestin®, or Proviron®. The result in such cases can be[/FONT]
[FONT="]an even more pronounced effect of muscle definition,[/FONT]
[FONT="]although this will be accompanied by a much stronger set of[/FONT]
[FONT="]side effects.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Administration (Women):[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate is generally used in clinical doses 30 mg[/FONT]
[FONT="]per week by injection or 15 mg 2-3 times per day orally. The[/FONT]
[FONT="]drug is administered for 3 consecutive weeks, followed by a[/FONT]
[FONT="]break for 3 weeks. The drug is resumed at this point if[/FONT]
[FONT="]indicated. Effective doses for physique- or performanceenhancing[/FONT]
[FONT="]purposes fall in the range of 50-75 mg per week[/FONT]
[FONT="]for the injectable, or 30-60 mg daily for the oral, taken for no[/FONT]
[FONT="]longer than 6 weeks.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Availability:[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate is no longer available as a prescription[/FONT]
[FONT="]agent at this time, and is unavailable on the black market.[/FONT]
[FONT="]By WL[/FONT][FONT="][/FONT]
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]-->
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate is an anabolic steroid that is derived from[/FONT]
[FONT="]testosterone. Clostebol is 4-chloro-testosterone, a[/FONT]
[FONT="]modification that makes this steroid a low strength anabolic[/FONT]
[FONT="]compound with minimal androgenic potency. This analog of[/FONT]
[FONT="]testosterone is also not 17-alpha alkylated and does not[/FONT]
[FONT="]aromatize, so there is little worry of water retention,[/FONT]
[FONT="]gynecomastia, or liver toxicity during use. The hydrogen[/FONT]
[FONT="]substitution at the 4 position does not greatly enhance the oral[/FONT]
[FONT="]efficacy of this drug, however, so the injectable is much[/FONT]
[FONT="]more potent on a milligram for milligram basis, and[/FONT]
[FONT="]generally preferred. Although a derivative of the potent[/FONT]
[FONT="]androgen testosterone, clostebol is certainly far removed[/FONT]
[FONT="]from its parent steroid in action, and generally favored by[/FONT]
[FONT="]athletes for its mildness, not raw power.[/FONT]
[FONT="]History:[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate was first described in 1956.527 It was[/FONT]
[FONT="]developed into a medicine in Europe, where it was sold as[/FONT]
[FONT="]Steranabol (Farmitalia, Germany) and Turinabol (Jenapharm,[/FONT]
[FONT="]GDR). This anabolic steroid had generally been indicated[/FONT]
[FONT="]for the treatment of osteoporosis, although it has reportedly[/FONT]
[FONT="]been used with success for a wide variety of ailments[/FONT]
[FONT="]including anorexia and liver disease. Both oral and[/FONT]
[FONT="]injectable forms of the drug were produced, although the[/FONT]
[FONT="]injectable was more popularly used. Clostebol acetate was[/FONT]
[FONT="]commonly used with women and the elderly in European[/FONT]
[FONT="]medicine, making clear the relative mildness of this anabolic.[/FONT]
[FONT="]The side effects of anabolic/androgenic steroids can be much[/FONT]
[FONT="]more pronounced in these populations, so typically very[/FONT]
[FONT="]weak androgens are shown to be the most tolerable here.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Although quite favorable in effect and patient comfort,[/FONT]
[FONT="]clostebol acetate was never a widely successful anabolic,[/FONT]
[FONT="]and saw only limited use in a small number of markets. As[/FONT]
[FONT="]such, its future would be a tenuous one. The Turinabol[/FONT]
[FONT="]product from Jenapharm would disappear by the[/FONT]
[FONT="]reunification of Germany, and the Steranabol brand would[/FONT]
[FONT="]soon be replaced with lower dosed vitamin fortified[/FONT]
[FONT="]versions of the drug sold by Farmitalia under the new[/FONT]
[FONT="]Megagrisevit brand name. Pharmacia would acquire[/FONT]
[FONT="]Farmitalia in 1993, although for a short point thereafter[/FONT]
[FONT="]Megagrisevit was still being manufactured under the[/FONT]
[FONT="]Pharmacia label. This did not last long, however, and[/FONT]
[FONT="]Pharmacia eventually tightened up its line and removed this[/FONT]
[FONT="]steroid from its offerings. Clostebol acetate had also[/FONT]
[FONT="]appeared for some time in Japan, sold as Macrobin by the[/FONT]
[FONT="]firm Teikoku, but this product too has since been[/FONT]
[FONT="]discontinued.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Although the more functional injectable preparations of this[/FONT]
[FONT="]steroid are off the market, clostebol acetate is still[/FONT]
[FONT="]manufactured in a number of dermal preparations. The most[/FONT]
[FONT="]recognizable such product has been Alfa-Trofodermin from[/FONT]
[FONT="]Italy, although it has also been sold in such products as[/FONT]
[FONT="]Neobol (Mexico), Trofodermin (Chile, Brazil), and[/FONT]
[FONT="]Novaderm (Brazil). Dermal preparations of clostebol acetate[/FONT]
[FONT="]are generally used to treat ulcers and wounds, and often[/FONT]
[FONT="]include some neomycin to help accelerate healing. The doses[/FONT]
[FONT="]of steroid used in these products is generally very small,[/FONT]
[FONT="]however, and, combined with poor systemic delivery, are not[/FONT]
[FONT="]of much use to athletes. In addition, this steroid has even[/FONT]
[FONT="]been included in certain ophthalmologic solutions, which are[/FONT]
[FONT="]even less practical to use for performance-enhancing[/FONT]
[FONT="]purposes, and of less interest. Given that Megagrisevit was[/FONT]
[FONT="]the last remaining effective oral or injectable steroid product[/FONT]
[FONT="]to contain clostebol acetate, this drug is now essentially a[/FONT]
[FONT="]defunct item as far as the athletic use of steroids are[/FONT]
[FONT="]concerned.[/FONT]
[FONT="]How Supplied:[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate is no longer available as a commercial[/FONT]
[FONT="]oral or injectable agent. When produced (Steranabol) it[/FONT]
[FONT="]contained 20 mg/ml of steroid in a 2 mL glass ampule or 15[/FONT]
[FONT="]mg per tablet.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Structural Characteristics:[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol is a modified form of testosterone. It differs by the[/FONT]
[FONT="]introduction of a hydroxyl group at carbon 4, which inhibits[/FONT]
[FONT="]aromatization and reduces relative steroid androgenicity.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate contains clostebol modified with the[/FONT]
[FONT="]addition of carboxylic acid ester (acetic acid) at the 17-beta[/FONT]
[FONT="]hydroxyl group, so that the free steroid is released more[/FONT]
[FONT="]slowly from the area of injection.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Side Effects (Estrogenic):[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol is not aromatized by the body, and is not[/FONT]
[FONT="]measurably estrogenic. An anti-estrogen is not necessary[/FONT]
[FONT="]when using this steroid, as gynecomastia should not be a[/FONT]
[FONT="]concern even among sensitive individuals. Since estrogen is[/FONT]
[FONT="]the usual culprit with water retention, clostebol instead[/FONT]
[FONT="]produces a lean, quality look to the physique with no fear of[/FONT]
[FONT="]excess subcutaneous fluid retention. This makes it a[/FONT]
[FONT="]favorable steroid to use during cutting cycles, when water[/FONT]
[FONT="]and fat retention are major concerns.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Side Effects (Androgenic):[/FONT]
[FONT="]Although classified as an anabolic steroid, androgenic side[/FONT]
[FONT="]effects are still possible with this substance. This may[/FONT]
[FONT="]include bouts of oily skin, acne, and body/facial hair growth.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Anabolic/androgenic steroids may also aggravate male[/FONT]
[FONT="]pattern hair loss. Women are also warned of the potential[/FONT]
[FONT="]virilizing effects of anabolic/androgenic steroids. These may[/FONT]
[FONT="]include a deepening of the voice, menstrual irregularities,[/FONT]
[FONT="]changes in skin texture, facial hair growth, and clitoral[/FONT]
[FONT="]enlargement. Additionally, clostebol is not extensively[/FONT]
[FONT="]metabolized by the 5-alpha reductase enzyme, so its relative[/FONT]
[FONT="]androgenicity is not greatly altered by the concurrent use of[/FONT]
[FONT="]finasteride or dutasteride. Note that clostebol is a steroid[/FONT]
[FONT="]with low androgenic activity relative to its tissue-building[/FONT]
[FONT="]actions, making the threshold for strong androgenic side[/FONT]
[FONT="]effects comparably higher than with more androgenic agents[/FONT]
[FONT="]such as testosterone, methandrostenolone, or[/FONT]
[FONT="]fluoxymesterone.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Side Effects (Hepatotoxicity): [/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol is not a c17-alpha alkylated compound, and not[/FONT]
[FONT="]known to have hepatotoxic effects. Liver toxicity is unlikely.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Side Effects (Cardiovascular):[/FONT]
[FONT="]Anabolic/androgenic steroids can have deleterious effects on[/FONT]
[FONT="]serum cholesterol. This includes a tendency to reduce HDL[/FONT]
[FONT="](good) cholesterol values and increase LDL (bad)[/FONT]
[FONT="]cholesterol values, which may shift the HDL to LDL balance[/FONT]
[FONT="]in a direction that favors greater risk of arteriosclerosis. The[/FONT]
[FONT="]relative impact of an anabolic/androgenic steroid on serum[/FONT]
[FONT="]lipids is dependant on the dose, route of administration (oral[/FONT]
[FONT="]vs. injectable), type of steroid (aromatizable or nonaromatizable),[/FONT]
[FONT="]and level of resistance to hepatic metabolism.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol should have a stronger negative effect on the[/FONT]
[FONT="]hepatic management of cholesterol than testosterone or[/FONT]
[FONT="]nandrolone due to its non-aromatizable nature, but a much[/FONT]
[FONT="]weaker impact than c-17 alpha alkylated steroids.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Anabolic/androgenic steroids may also adversely affect[/FONT]
[FONT="]blood pressure and triglycerides, reduce endothelial[/FONT]
[FONT="]relaxation, and support left ventricular hypertrophy, all[/FONT]
[FONT="]potentially increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and[/FONT]
[FONT="]myocardial infarction.[/FONT]
[FONT="]To help reduce cardiovascular strain it is advised to[/FONT]
[FONT="]maintain an active cardiovascular exercise program and[/FONT]
[FONT="]minimize the intake of saturated fats, cholesterol, and simple[/FONT]
[FONT="]carbohydrates at all times during active AAS administration.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Supplementing with fish oils (4 grams per day) and a natural[/FONT]
[FONT="]cholesterol/antioxidant formula such as Lipid Stabil or a[/FONT]
[FONT="]product with comparable ingredients is also recommended.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Side Effects (Testosterone Suppression):[/FONT]
[FONT="]All anabolic/androgenic steroids when taken in doses[/FONT]
[FONT="]sufficient to promote muscle gain are expected to suppress[/FONT]
[FONT="]endogenous testosterone production. Without the intervention[/FONT]
[FONT="]of testosterone-stimulating substances, testosterone levels[/FONT]
[FONT="]should return to normal within 1-4 months of drug secession.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Note that prolonged hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism can[/FONT]
[FONT="]develop secondary to steroid abuse, necessitating medical[/FONT]
[FONT="]intervention.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Administration (Men):[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate is generally used in clinical doses of 30 mg[/FONT]
[FONT="]per week by injection or 15 mg 2-3 times per day orally. The[/FONT]
[FONT="]drug is administered for 3 consecutive weeks, followed by a[/FONT]
[FONT="]break for 3 weeks. It is resumed at this point if indicated[/FONT]
[FONT="]Effective doses for physique- or performance-enhancing[/FONT]
[FONT="]purposes fall in the range of 100-300 mg per week, taken for[/FONT]
[FONT="]6-12 weeks. Given the fast-acting nature of acetate[/FONT]
[FONT="]injectables, the weekly dosage is generally subdivided into[/FONT]
[FONT="]injections given at least every third day. With the low dosage[/FONT]
[FONT="]of previous commercial clostebol acetate products, daily[/FONT]
[FONT="]injectable were most common. Given the lower[/FONT]
[FONT="]bioavailability and higher price, oral forms of the drug were[/FONT]
[FONT="]not commonly used by athletes. When administered, a daily[/FONT]
[FONT="]dosage of 60-90 mg appeared to be the most common.[/FONT]
[FONT="]The anabolic effect of this drug is fairly weak, so clostebol[/FONT]
[FONT="]acetate is most often utilized in combination with other[/FONT]
[FONT="]steroids for a stronger effect. The general application is to[/FONT]
[FONT="]use it for contest preparations with other non-aromatizing[/FONT]
[FONT="]anabolics such as Winstrol® or oxandrolone. Here, a daily[/FONT]
[FONT="]dose of 20 mg may be added in with an average dose (20-30[/FONT]
[FONT="]mg per day) of the oral anabolic, which together should[/FONT]
[FONT="]provide the user a nice muscle building effect without any[/FONT]
[FONT="]water retention. The effect of clostebol would be somewhat[/FONT]
[FONT="]similar to that seen with the old Primobolan® acetate[/FONT]
[FONT="]ampules, although Megagrisevit is somewhat weaker in[/FONT]
[FONT="]effect. Some also opt to use this compound in addition with[/FONT]
[FONT="]strong non-aromatizing androgens such as trenbolone,[/FONT]
[FONT="]Halotestin®, or Proviron®. The result in such cases can be[/FONT]
[FONT="]an even more pronounced effect of muscle definition,[/FONT]
[FONT="]although this will be accompanied by a much stronger set of[/FONT]
[FONT="]side effects.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Administration (Women):[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate is generally used in clinical doses 30 mg[/FONT]
[FONT="]per week by injection or 15 mg 2-3 times per day orally. The[/FONT]
[FONT="]drug is administered for 3 consecutive weeks, followed by a[/FONT]
[FONT="]break for 3 weeks. The drug is resumed at this point if[/FONT]
[FONT="]indicated. Effective doses for physique- or performanceenhancing[/FONT]
[FONT="]purposes fall in the range of 50-75 mg per week[/FONT]
[FONT="]for the injectable, or 30-60 mg daily for the oral, taken for no[/FONT]
[FONT="]longer than 6 weeks.[/FONT]
[FONT="]Availability:[/FONT]
[FONT="]Clostebol acetate is no longer available as a prescription[/FONT]
[FONT="]agent at this time, and is unavailable on the black market.[/FONT]
[FONT="]By WL[/FONT][FONT="][/FONT]
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]-->