SR9009, also known as Stenabolic, is a synthetic drug created to study the circadian rhythm. It was shown to boost endurance, reduce anxiety, and decrease cholesterol, weight, and inflammation in mice. These effects, if proven in humans, would replicate some of the beneficial effects exercise has on our bodies and thus, improve our health. However, although available as a supplement online, it has not been tested in humans and its side effects are still unknown.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4090048/
Our bodies function in a coordinated manner, in 24-hour cycles that are adjusted to the rise and fall of the sun. This pattern is called the circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm is maintained through a loop mechanism that turns genes on and off (when CLOCK and BMAL1 genes are turned on, they turn on PER and CRY. Then, PER/CRY turn BMAL1/CLOCK off and the 24-hour cycle resets) [R].
The REV-ERBs are a pair of proteins that stabilize our internal clock by turning BMAL1 off. They are, in turn, activated by the heme group. Heme is a small iron-containing compound found all throughout our body, for example, in red blood cells [R, R].
SR9009 is a compound that enhances REV-ERB activity (known as agonists) and has good bioavailability [R].
Because of the many positive effects seen in animals, SR9009 found its way online and is being sold and used as a supplement, mainly within the bodybuilding community. It has been referred to as “exercise in a bottle.” However, there are still a lot of things we don’t know about this drug, including its side effects.
[h=1]Mechanism of Action[/h]All the effects observed for SR9009 derive from REV-ERB (NR1D1, NR1D2) activation in the body.
REV-ERB affects the circadian behavior of mice, altering their activity and sleep patterns [R].
Besides its effect on the circadian rhythm (suppression of BMAL1 production), REV-ERB affects many other functions related to energy production [R, R].
REV-ERB is mainly found in liver, muscle, and fat tissue:
Our bodies function in a coordinated manner, in 24-hour cycles that are adjusted to the rise and fall of the sun. This pattern is called the circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm is maintained through a loop mechanism that turns genes on and off (when CLOCK and BMAL1 genes are turned on, they turn on PER and CRY. Then, PER/CRY turn BMAL1/CLOCK off and the 24-hour cycle resets) [R].
The REV-ERBs are a pair of proteins that stabilize our internal clock by turning BMAL1 off. They are, in turn, activated by the heme group. Heme is a small iron-containing compound found all throughout our body, for example, in red blood cells [R, R].
SR9009 is a compound that enhances REV-ERB activity (known as agonists) and has good bioavailability [R].
Because of the many positive effects seen in animals, SR9009 found its way online and is being sold and used as a supplement, mainly within the bodybuilding community. It has been referred to as “exercise in a bottle.” However, there are still a lot of things we don’t know about this drug, including its side effects.
[h=1]Mechanism of Action[/h]All the effects observed for SR9009 derive from REV-ERB (NR1D1, NR1D2) activation in the body.
REV-ERB affects the circadian behavior of mice, altering their activity and sleep patterns [R].
Besides its effect on the circadian rhythm (suppression of BMAL1 production), REV-ERB affects many other functions related to energy production [R, R].
REV-ERB is mainly found in liver, muscle, and fat tissue:
- Liver: REV-ERB affects the rhythm of 90% of the about 900 genes under circadian control in mice liver. It turns off the genes that produce glucosewithout altering insulin sensitivity. It also turns on genes that generate new fat cells and reduces the inflammatory response (by affecting macrophage production) .
- Muscles: REV-ERB promotes the burning of fat, increases the activity of mitochondria, and promotes the generation of new while decreasing the destruction of old mitochondria .
- Fat cells: REV-ERB turns off the genes responsible for storing fat and decreases triglyceride production .
- Increased oxygen consumption
- Decreased generation of new fat cells in the liver
- Decreased production of cholesterol and bile acids in the liver
- Increased the number of mitochondria in muscle
- Increased glucose and fatty acid use in muscle
- Decreased fat storage
