Deca- Durabolin (Nandrolone decanoate, ND) treatment causes damage in the male reproductive system

<h1>Deca- Durabolin (Nandrolone decanoate, ND) treatment causes damage in the male reproductive system. </h1>

Rutin (RT) is a naturallyoccurring flavonoid glycoside that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate effects of rutinagainst ND-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. Forty adult male rats were used. The control group received olive oil with oralgavage during 6 weeks. ND Groups received different doses (25, 50, 100 mg Kg-1, i.m.). RT + ND groups received RT (50 mg kg -1, P.o.)during 6 weeks, associated with (25,50,100 mg Kg-1, i.m.). Biochemical (total protein, testosterone, MDA, SOD and CAT), histological,histochemical and immunohistochemical studies of testicles were evaluated. ND treatment increased the oxidative stress andinduced testicular degeneration and apoptosis when compared to the control group. However, RT treatment relieves these sideeffects when compared to the ND group alone. It is concluded that RT treatment may reduce ND-induced reproductive toxicity as apotential antioxidant compound.Keywords: Nandrolone decanoate- Testes- rutin- apoptosis- oxidative stress.

<h2>Anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) are synthetictestosterone analogues. Thus, they have the samestructure and function of it.</h2>

Testosterone is themain androgen hormone for regulating the malesecondary sexual characteristics. It also stimulates spermproduction. Also, AASs have the primary function todevelop and maintain male sexual features. They areimperative pharmacologically for several medicaldisorders treatment, as growth deficiency, osteoporosis,certain blood disorders, breast cancer and the delayedpuberty instigation in men and growth promotion.2AASs have more anabolic than androgenic activity. Theyamplify protein synthesis within the cells and result in thecellular tissue buildup, especially in muscles. Therefore, itbecomes one of the most used AASs in the world.

Afterthe administration of ND; it is metabolized rapidly in thebody to a number of metabolites that are excreted in theurine. Serious health problems produced via long-termuse or excessive doses of anabolic steroids.4There aremany adverse effects caused by using them including liverdysfunction5, kidney disease, cardiovascular disorders,testicular problems6and psychiatric and behavioralabnormalities in both sexes.7Rutin is a flavonol, found in plants as passion flower,buckwheat, tea, apples, tomato leaves, onion andspinach. It is also called vitamin P with antioxidant8,cytoprotective9, anticarcinogenic10, hepatoprotective11,and anti-inflammatory12 and immunomodulatoryproperties.13

Consequently, the present study aims to identify theadverse effect of nandrolone decanoate and rutin toameliorate those changes induced by AASs on the testesof the adult male rats.MATERIALS AND METHODSExperimental animalsThe current investigation was conducted on 40 adult malealbino rats (Rattus norvegicus) weighing 150±10g. Theywere kept under observation for 2 weeks before theonset of the experiment to exclude any intercurrentinfection. All the animals were kept in standardized cagesat Medical Research Center, Ain Shams University.


Ratswere kept at normal atmospheric temperature (25± 5ᵒC),humidity (55± 5%) and with an alternating 12-h light anddark cycle. During, the entire period of the study, the ratshad access to food and water ad libitum. The animalswere used according to the guidelines of the committeeon Care and use of Experimental Animal Resources,Medical Research Center, Ain Shams University.Chemicals and drugsDeca- Durabolin [nandrolone decanoate (ND)] is an oilysolution that is manufactured by the Nile Co. forPharmaceuticals and Chemical Industries- Egypt, underlicense of N.V. Organon. Oss- Holland. Rutin (RT)(3,3,4,5,7- pentahydroxyflavone-3 rhamnoglucoside) waspurchased from Sigma Chemicals (Sigma Aldrich Louis,MO, USA). MDA, SOD, CAT, testosterone and total proteinkits were purchased from Biodiagnostic Co., Egypt.

Experimental designGroup (1): Control group were treated with 0.5ml of oliveoil.Group (2): Rats were treated with RT (50mg/ kg b.w.).Modulatory Effect of Rutin on Deca-Durabolin- Induced Reproductive Damage Via Suppressionof Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Adult Male Rats.A