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Fasting on Periods: Can You Intermittent Fast When Menstruating? 

Intermittent fasting is a dietary trend where you alternate between periods of fasting and eating. It has become a popular trend in recent years as people seek ways to improve their health and lose weight. However, recent studies indicate that women do not respond the same way to intermittent fasting as men. 
Research also shows that intermittent fasting affects women’s bodies differently. The hormonal fluctuations in a woman’s body make it more challenging. A pertinent question in this respect is — can women practice intermittent fasting while on their periods?
This article explores in detail the topic of intermittent fasting and periods, including the potential benefits and risks, as well as some tips for practicing intermittent fasting during menstruation.
Should You Intermittent Fast on Your Period?

You can do intermittent fasting during your period, but it isn’t as straightforward. It depends on your preference and, more importantly, your body’s response to intermittent fasting. Some may be able to continue fasting without adverse effects, while others may experience menstrual irregularities or increased discomfort.
A study on the effect of intermittent fasting on reproductive hormone levels found that fasting doesn’t impact women’s estrogen, prolactin, or gonadotropin levels. [1]
Another study by the Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, found that weight loss factors can hurt gonadotropins, resulting in amenorrhea and infertility. Gonadotropins are responsible for moderating the follicular and luteal phases. [2]
If you are considering intermittent fasting during your period, learn to listen to your body. Pay attention to any changes in your menstrual cycle or symptoms. If you notice any irregularities or discomfort, modify your fasting routine or take a break from fasting during your period.
What Happens During the Menstrual Cycle?
The menstrual cycle makes pregnancy possible. It starts on the first day of menstruation and ends just before the next menstrual cycle, lasting between 24 to 38 days. The process itself is complex and involves the constant interaction of hormones, namely: 

Luteinizing hormone
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Estrogen
Progesterone

The menstrual cycle has four phases: the menses phase, the follicular phase, the ovulatory phase, and the luteal phase.
Menses Phase
The menses phase is the first five days of your menstrual cycle when your uterus sheds its old lining in the absence of a pregnancy. This shedding results in the release of blood and other fluids through the vagina. 
Although a period lasting 3-5 days is typical, some bleed for seven days; it generally is not a cause for worry. However, you’ll experience low hormone levels and decreased energy.   
Follicular Phase
The next phase lasts nine days from days 6-14; it is called the follicular phase. During this phase, the estrogen levels slowly rise, thickening the uterus lining in preparation for a potential pregnancy. In addition, the pituitary gland also releases the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), stimulating the growth and maturation of follicles in the ovaries. 
Ovulatory Phase
The ovulatory phase occurs around day 14 of the menstrual cycle when one of the follicles releases an egg into the fallopian tube. This process is triggered by a luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, which causes the follicle to rupture and release the egg.
Luteal Phase 
The luteal phase begins right after ovulation and lasts about 14 days, from day 15 to day 28, when a mature egg leaves the ovary on its journey to the uterus through the fallopian tubes. During this phase, the empty follicle changes into the corpus luteum, which releases progesterone. 
Progesterone helps prepare your uterus lining for the implantation of a fertilized egg. If fertilization does not occur, the thickened uterine lining is shed during menstruation. As a result, estrogen and progesterone levels also drop. 
How Does Intermittent Fasting Affect the Menstrual Cycle?

There is limited research on the effects of intermittent fasting on the menstrual cycle, but some studies suggest that it may disrupt the average hormonal balance and menstrual function. For example, one study found that women who practiced fasting for more than 15 days during Ramadan had a higher risk of menstrual irregularities, including amenorrhea (absence of menstruation), oligomenorrhea (infrequent menstruation), and dysmenorrhea (painful menses). [3]
Another study shows that short-term fasting can cause a dip in luteinizing hormone levels in women of normal weight. [4]
One potential explanation for changes in menstrual cycles with intermittent fasting is calorie restriction and weight loss. Reducing the overall caloric intake results in fluctuating hormone levels, specifically estrogen, progesterone, and other hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle. With the menstrual cycle disrupted, you can see changes in the length and regularity of periods.
Another critical point to take into consideration is stress. Calorie restriction and time-restricted eating can place undue stress on your body, which can, in turn, affect menstrual cycles. As a result, some women may experience irregularities in their menstrual cycle.
While the studies mentioned above suggest a possible link between intermittent fasting and the menstrual cycle, more research must be done to understand this relationship fully. 
Additionally, the impact of intermittent fasting on the menstrual cycle may vary from person to person, and other factors, such as exercise, may also play a role. 
If you experience significant changes in your menstrual cycle while practicing intermittent fasting, speak with a healthcare provider. They can help determine the underlying cause and ensure that you receive appropriate care.
How to Fast During Different Stages of Your Menstrual Cycle?
The ever-changing hormones make intermittent fasting more complex and challenging for women than men. Research by Proctor and Gamble stated that the menstrual cycle is highly intrinsically linked to the body’s cognitive, emotional, and sensory functions. [5]
These studies prove that hormonal health is vital for physical and mental well-being, referred to as “cycle syncing.” Cycle syncing is when you modify your diet to match your menstrual cycle. Here’s how you should fast and eat during the different phases of your menstrual cycle. 

Menstrual Phase (Days 1-5)
On days 1–5, the body is already under stress, so it may be best to avoid fasting altogether. Instead, focus on eating nutrient-dense foods that will help support your body, such as leafy greens, healthy fats, and lean proteins. Also, add foods rich in iron and magnesium to soothe cramping. 
Follicular Phase (Days 6-14)
During the follicular phase, estrogen levels rise, and the body prepares for ovulation. Your insulin sensitivity is at its best during this time. This is an excellent time to experiment and push your body with extended fasting periods. Owing to the heightened insulin sensitivity, longer periods of fasting can help with weight loss. 
Ovulatory Phase (Days 14, 15)
The ovulatory phase is the peak of estrogen and testosterone levels, which can increase energy levels and reduce hunger. Furthermore, ovulation also results in a higher body temperature and increased testosterone levels. 
Your body is also equipped to handle the stress of fasting. So you can try a longer fast, such as a 24-hour fast. Shifting toward higher protein and lower carbohydrate foods is recommended during this phase.
Luteal Phase (Days 15-28)
After ovulation is the luteal phase; during this period, progesterone levels continue to rise. The elevated progesterone levels lead to increased hunger and cravings.
During this period, you are ill-equipped to handle longer fasts. So focus on shorter fasting periods or time-restricted eating. Avoid prolonged fasting and switch to high-protein meals. 
Moreover, as the luteal phase progresses, around day 22, there’ll be a decrease in insulin sensitivity. So, diabetic patients will want to monitor their dietary habits accordingly. This period is also called PMS, and during this time, it’s important to prioritize self-care and engage in gentle exercises and stress-relieving activities. 
Incorporate soothing beverages like peppermint tea or caffeine-free chai latte, which can help manage cravings. If you desire a treat, consider consuming a piece of dark chocolate. 
Tips for Intermittent Fasting on Your Period
Intermittent fasting presents many benefits, such as improved insulin sensitivity and weight loss. However, it can be challenging to fast while on your period. Here are some tips to help you navigate intermittent fasting during menstruation.
Listen to Your Body
Pay attention to how your body feels and adjust your fasting schedule if necessary. Your body may have different needs during your menstrual cycle. If you feel particularly hungry or tired, consider breaking your fast early or taking a break from fasting altogether.
Adjust Your Fasting Schedule
If your menstrual cycle affects your fasting ability, you may need to adjust your fasting schedule during your period. For example, you could shorten your fasting window or try a more relaxed approach.
If you usually fast for 16 hours per day, consider shortening your fasting window to 14 or 12 hours during your period. Or not fast at all, which is perfectly fine. 

Include Nutrient Dense Foods
When you break your fast, ensure you’re consuming nutrient-dense foods. Focus on eating protein, healthy fats, and complex carbohydrates for sustained energy and satiety.  
For example, Greek yogurt with raspberries and coconut flakes, a protein-rich smoothie, or an egg scramble with avocado. These foods can help give your body the nutrients it needs to support your menstrual cycle.
Furthermore, you may have to increase your fat intake to help manage cravings during your period. 
Drink Plenty of Water
It’s essential to keep yourself hydrated during your period, especially if you are fasting. This helps reduce the general symptoms of menstruation, including bloating and cramps. In case of discomfort, incorporate herbal tea or warm water with lemon.
Avoid Processed Foods and Sugary Drinks
Processed foods and sugary drinks can worsen menstrual symptoms such as bloating, cramps, and mood swings. Rather than processed foods, opt for whole foods that nourish your body and promote overall health.
Practice Self-Care
Your body is going through a tough time with fluctuating hormones during periods. It is okay to stop and take a break from fasting if needed. 
Listen to your body and rest if you feel like it.
Consult with a Health Care Professional
If you have a history of menstrual irregularities or other reproductive health issues, talk to your doctor before starting an intermittent fasting routine. They can offer advice and support to help you make the best decisions for your health.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does intermittent fasting have side effects on periods?
Intermittent fasting can affect the menstrual cycle in women, mainly due to calorie restriction. Extended fasting can interfere with the function of the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that plays a vital role in regulating hormones, such as estrogen, which are essential to the menstrual cycle.
Can fasting make your period flow heavier?
Intermittent fasting can affect periods and cause abnormal cycles, either heavy or light. Fasting can also cause hormonal changes and exacerbate already occurring issues. 
What should I eat while intermittent fasting during my period?
Focus on consuming nutrient-dense foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while fasting during your period. These foods can help give your body the nutrients it needs to support your menstrual cycle.
Conclusion
Intermittent fasting can be a wholesome dietary approach owing to its many benefits, such as improved insulin sensitivity, weight loss, and many more. First, however, it is important to consider its potential effects on the menstrual cycle and listen to your body’s needs. 
While there is limited research on the relationship between intermittent fasting and menstrual function, recent studies state that fasting does not have a lasting effect on hormone levels. On the other hand, some studies suggest that it may disrupt normal hormonal balance and increase the risk of menstrual irregularities.
In saying that, you can practice intermittent fasting during your period, provided you listen to your body. Ensure you stay hydrated, choose nutrient-dense foods, and consider shortening your fasting window if necessary. And as always, it is important to talk to your doctor before starting any new dietary approach.
References

Cognitive, sensory, and emotional changes associated with the menstrual cycle: a review – PubMed. (2008, October 1). PubMed.
Short-term fasting affects luteinizing hormone secretory dynamics but not reproductive function in normal-weight sedentary women – PubMed. (1995, April 1). PubMed.
Yavangi, M., Amirzargar, M. A., Amirzargar, N., & Dadashpour, M. (n.d.). Does Ramadan fasting has any effects on menstrual cycles? PubMed Central (PMC). 
Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea and its influence on women’s health – PubMed. (2014, November 1). PubMed.
Cienfuegos, S., Corapi, S., Gabel, K., Ezpeleta, M., Kalam, F., Lin, S., Pavlou, V., & Varady, K. A. (2022, June 3). Effect of Intermittent Fasting on Reproductive Hormone Levels in Females and Males: A Review of Human Trials. PubMed Central (PMC).

2023 Vancouver Island Showdown Pro Scorecards

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Dana Linn Bailey Conquers Grueling Back-Building Workout

Dana Linn Bailey is the true embodiment of motivation and gym life. The Women’s Physique pioneer continues to inspire millions around the world with her fitness content and recently subjected herself to a harsh back workout.
Dana Bailey is credited with a win at the first ever Women’s Physique contest held at the 2011 Jr. USA. She also became the inaugural Women’s Physique Olympia champion in 2013 and etched her name with gold in the IFBB Pro League’s history. After retiring from competitive bodybuilding in 2015, DLB has ventured into multiple initiatives.
She started posting fitness related content on her YouTube channel and other social media platforms. Bailey also tried her hand at powerlifting at the 201 Arnold Sports Festival, lifting a total of 877 lbs (396.9 kg). The 39-year-old has become one of the foremost women fitness influencers on the internet with more than 2.6 million followers on YouTube and Instagram combined.
Dana along with her husband Rob Bailey founded the Warhouse Gym. It did well and became a very important part of the couple’s lives. However, they had to shut it down permanently due to financial issues brought in by the global pandemic of 2020. Bailey is going strong on YouTube and routinely posts workout videos, bodybuilding tips and collaborative content to engage a large follower base.
Recently, she tackled a back workout and posted the video on her YouTube channel. So let’s check out the details of the exercises she did to improve her already impressive physique further.

Dana Linn Bailey goes through a back workout
Bailey headed to the Redcon-1 gym for the workout and lauded the place for the state of the art equipment it houses. She did not have a premeditated workout plan ahead of time and went with the flow to experiment with different equipment to train the back.
“I like coming here. A lot of really cool equipment. So I have no plans today. I’d love to tell you what I am about to do. I’m gonna train back but I have no plans. I’m just gonna scoot around, find some really good equipment and then I’ll let you know the sets and reps. So follow along,” Dana Linn Bailey stated.
With that she jumped right into the workout and shared valuable insights and bodybuilding tips in the due course.
Seated High Face Pull and Chest Rows
Bailey wanted to get some rear delts and the upper traps action at the very beginning of the training session. So instead of working with elaborate machines, she favored the simple seated cable rows machine. But instead of doing the standard row, she used the band attachment and performed the seated high face pull to target the traps and rear delts.
“You could do this with the rope as well. The rope would actually work out really well,” DLB advised.
She clubbed this movement with chest rows. However, instead of doing both exercises as a part of superset where a person performs one full set of the first exercise and then follows it up with one full set of the second exercise with a short rest period, Bailey switched between the exercises mid-set. In every set, she did eight to ten reps of high face pull and immediately transitioned to the chest rows for the same number of reps, making it a full set of two exercises. The 39-year-old kept the elbows wide and away from the body to hit the lats as well.

Wide Grip Lat Pulldown
The former Women’s Physique Olympia champion performed the wide grip lat pulldown on a plate-loaded machine next. This common vertical pulling movement primarily works the latissimus dorsi muscle in the back. It also engages other posterior muscles like teres major, teres minor, infraspinatus and trapezius as well as biceps muscles. The wide grip variation is effective for hitting all angles of the target muscle. Additionally, wide grip lat pulldown is a potent replacement to the pull-up which hits the same group of muscles.
“I’m gonna do this a little bit differently than I would normally go. Instead of just going through the reps, I’m gonna focus on the eccentric,” DLB explained.
She performed the concentric phase (Pulling down of the exercise at a regular speed but extended the time to three to four seconds in the eccentric phase (raising the handle back up).
The intention of the slow eccentric phase was to increase the time under tension. The Women’s Physique pioneer advised against using extremely heavy weights in this case to avoid exhausting the muscles too much.
Bent Over Dumbbell Rows
Performing this compound movement is an essential part of the process to build strong posterior muscles in the upper body. Bailey shared her experience with this exercise and shed light on some of the most common errors associated with it. She explained:
“I would really like to see this exercise be done better. I think a lot of people go way too heavy and you have a lot of (jerking) motion and your knees are bending.”
“So as I do it, I keep my feet squared in a more athletic stance. The motion instead of pulling (with the arms), it’s going to be pulling from your lats. So there’s more of an arch to it. It shouldn’t just go straight up and straight down.”
DLB further added that lightening the weight a little bit actually helps with the form and proceeded to perform the sets of eight to ten reps each.

Seated Mid Rows
The seated mid-rows on a selectorized machine followed the bent over dumbbell rows and DLB focused more on the eccentric phase again for this one. She executed the eccentric phase of the movement with slow and controlled movement to keep the muscles under tension for a longer duration. Each set of seated mid rows contained eight to ten reps.
Close-Grip Seated Rows
The retired bodybuilder then rounded off the training session by adding the last bit of stimulus to the back muscles with this exercise. The machine used for close-grip seated rows enabled a slight high to low movement during the concentric phase of the movement. Explaining the efficacy of this movement pattern, Bailey opined:
“Most seated cables you’re pulling (horizontally). So this one, you can kind of lean back and pull at an angle so you’re gonna push those shoulder blades down and back, hitting those lats a little bit more!”
She annihilated all the sets of the exercise with furious intensity. Although Bailey would have loved to add another movement to this workout, she had to wrap up reluctantly as it was a busy hour at the gym.

In totality, the back training session encompassed:

Dana Linn Bailey’s content is a potent source of pre-workout motivation for people around the world. What’s impressive is that the 39-year-old has not lost the passion for fitness and bodybuilding after retirement. Not only is she staying in good shape with her training routine, but she is also helping others achieve their fitness goals by motivating them to get up and head over to the gym for lifting some serious weight.
You can watch the full video here, courtesy of Dana Linn Bailey’s personal YouTube channel:

Published: 23 April, 2023 | 10:47 PM EDT

Chad Nicholls: ‘If You’re Taking SARMs & Claiming Natty, Fuc**ng Get Real Man’ 

For decades, bodybuilding coach Chad Nicholls helped create Mr. Olympia champions. In a Desktop Bodybuilding interview, Nicholls discussed athletes pretending to be natural while taking selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs). In addition, he explained the utility of cortisol blockers and testosterone. 
Guru Chad Nicholls shaped the Men’s Open division, having guided several high-profile names to gold. During the late 1990s and 2000s, an unproven Ronnie Coleman connected with Nicholls following the advice of his rival Flex Wheeler. Within a year of their bodybuilding partnership, Coleman won his first Mr. Olympia title in 1998. Under the tutelage of Nicholls, Coleman tied the all-time Sandow record with Lee Haney at eight. 

In addition to working with ‘The King,’ Nicholls started training Mamdouh ‘Big Ramy’ Elssbiay, who went on to secure a pair of Mr. Olympia titles in 2020 and 2021. While Ramy came up short in fifth place last December, he made a quick turnaround at the recent Arnold Classic in fourth. 
Taking a rest from contest preparations, Nicholls took part in a candid podcast to discuss the inner workings of a bodybuilding prep, most notably, the use of SARMs, testosterone, and cortisol blockers. 
Chad Nicholls Takes Shot at Athletes Using SARMs Claiming Natural, Says Gear Hasn’t Changed Much Era-to-Era
According to Nicholls, athletes who use SARMs and claim natural aren’t ‘really natty.’ He argued that they might as well ‘jump to the dark side’ instead. 
“I think the side effects that come with SARMs are relatively close to the side effects of what you would get from the real thing. I think there are a couple things out there as far as cutting agents that could definitely be added to a protocol as far as leanness and conditioning, but if you’re talking you know serious muscle gain and stuff like that, I know a lot of guys like to say they’re on SARMs and still claim natty or whatever, it’s – fuc**ng get real man. If you’re taking SARMs, I don’t care what you’re taking you’re not natty. You might as well make the jump to the dark side there.” 
During the 90s, Nicholls shared that the purity of steroids was higher than it is today. He believes the doses haven’t changed much in the last 30 years, however. 
“Pretty close. Pretty close. I mean there’s some things that have changed a little bit. Back in the 90s we’re talking about a lot of American pure gear. So, we’re talking about stuff that’s coming directly out of a hospital or a pharmacy versus now we’re talking about stuff that’s not as quite pure, still – those things all factor in, those things all change a little bit.
Purity, amount, how is everything going to be taken, but overall, when you’re talking about how much you’re going to use, it’s pretty close [from the 90s]. There’s always going to be guys that need a little bit more than others and other guys who don’t need very much. I think the key is finding out what is the least amount to get the biggest results right. It’s simple,” Chad Nicholls said. 
Nicholls Says Best PED to Grow Muscle With Is Testosterone, Touches on Cortisol Blockers

Nicholls credits testosterone as the best PED for growing muscle in the shortest amount of time. He also said he’s seen athletes find great success micro-dosing testosterone.
“Testosterone. You know, but here’s the thing about testosterone, everybody thinks it’s this and that or whatever, but everybody is a little bit different. I think the key is, I’m big on using testosterone as a base. But you also have to see how your body responds to it, some people respond really really well to a slow Ester, so it could be Cypionate, but based off of how well your body metabolizes that and utilizes it within the system and how your body basically sets a baseline of testosterone; sometimes guys run better with that and a combination of like propionate, because of how it kind of spikes but then the one keeps it a little bit more steady.
Other people because of that spike, doesn’t respond well. The key is finding out where your body really gets the best benefit from the testosterone and which one of those esters or which combination of esters is best for you.” 
“I’ve seen some guys make some really good progress over that way [testosterone] because you’re still stable. You’re using less but you’re taking it more often. The body is much more stable, especially if you’re just starting out like if you’re just getting started and stuff because a lot of the ups and downs can throw that body so far out of whack and the progression even slows down based off where you should be just natural.” 
Next, Nicholls discussed the utility of cortisol blockers and mentioned some of his athletes currently use them. 
“Ornithine, it was a cortisol blocker. It also blocked estrogen too, so it was utilized as – yeah, it would block estrogen a little bit, it would also block cortisol. The crazy thing about, it would basically it didn’t block it completely but what it did was regulated it. So there was never a high level of cortisol spiking in the system.”
“Some guys have access to it right now. I know, I’ve got some guys that have been using it a little bit and stuff. Again, it makes you feel pretty much like shit. You’re tired as fu**. It’s really hard on the stomach so you have to take it with food. Usually, no longer than four to five weeks, 250-milligram capsule usually, most people don’t go over 500.” 
Nicholls says the dosages of steroids haven’t changed much since the 1990s, but there are some bodybuilding veterans from that era who disagree. Rich Gaspari recently took aim at Open Bodybuilding by suggesting that athletes are over-depending on drugs rather than quality training and nutrition. 
Bodybuilding is a sport that requires dedication, discipline, and hard work. However, some athletes may utilize performance-enhancing drugs such as SARMs, to gain an edge over their competitors. Nicholls’ experience and knowledge can help aspiring bodybuilders make informed decisions about their respective careers. 
You can watch the full video below, courtesy of the Desktop Bodybuilding YouTube channel: 

RELATED: DEA Reveals Proposal to Change Telehealth Law, Threatening TRT Accessibility in U.S.
Published: 23 April, 2023 | 10:31 PM EDT

4x WSM Brian Shaw Completes His Final World’s Strongest Man Appearance; An End Of An Era

Every sport has its legends and Brian Shaw is without a doubt one of the greatest in Strongman. Having competed in the sport since 2007, Brian has dedicated almost two decades of his life to being as strong as possible. This required much sacrifice, but it paid off since he was the World’s Strongest Man four times. However, there won’t be any more titles for Shaw, as he has just made his final appearance at the 2023 World’s Strongest Man.
Brian Shaw was hoping to claim his fifth title at the 2023 WSM in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. This would make him equal with Mariusz Pudzianowski, who is the only man to win five times. However, Brian faced setbacks for the entire season, even at the competition itself.
Brian Shaw first suffered a leg infection in January, which tied him to the hospital bed for over a week and almost resulted in amputation. So, getting prepared for the WSM after that was almost impossible. However, Brian still got the best out of it and got into contention for the title.
Unfortunately for Brian Shaw, he had to go into a Stone Off against Rauno Heinla in the qualifying stage, since he did not win his group which would have earned him direct qualification. In addition, Brian and Rauno then both lifted 11 stones in the Stone-Off, which is the most anyone has ever done. This made Brian significantly more fatigued than other athletes in the finals, which was evident in all six events.
Brian Shaw’s 2023 World’s Strongest Man Performances
Qualifying

Loading Race: 5 in 53.70 s (Third-Place)
Deadlift Machine: 8 reps (Tied-First)
Log Ladder: 4 in 33.99 s (First-Place
Conan’s Wheel: 411 ° (Fifth-Place)
Kettlebell Toss: 7 in 48.45 s (First-Place)
Stone-Off: 11 stones (Won / Qualified)

Finals

Reign Shield Carry: 39.1 m (Eight-Place)
Knaack Deadlift: 7 reps (Tied-Second)
Fingal’s Fingers: 4 in 26.61 s (Seventh-Place)
Max Dumbbell: 125 kg (Tied-Seventh)
Bus Pull: 32.65 s (Sixth-Place)
Atlas Stones: 4 in 35.88 s (Sixth-Place)

Brian Shaw / Courtesy of World’s Strongest Man
Related: Strongman Brian Shaw Opens Up About Battle With Leg Cellulitis: “This Has Been Extremely Challenging For Me”
Brian Shaw achieved so many mind-blowing achievements at the WSM that it is almost impossible to list them all. He has now appeared in 16 World’s Strongest Man competitions, only failing to make the finals in his 2008 debut. So, Brian has been in 15 consecutive finals in each of the past 15 years, more than anyone else. In addition, he has stood on the podium ten times, which is a record tied with Zydrunas Savickas, another icon of the sport.

Apart from the World’s Strongest Man, Brian Shaw has competed in 66 International and National competitions overall. He has won an impressive 28 of them, including the 3x Arnold Strongman Classic titles as well.
Brian Shaw will also completely retire from professional Strongman later this summer. His final appearance will be at the 2023 Shaw Classic, which is the fourth edition of his own competition. So, this truly marks the end of an era, since we are witnessing Brian’s final moments in the sport.
Brian Shaw / Courtesy of World’s Strongest Man
Full WSM 2023 Coverage

Published: 23 April, 2023 | 4:44 PM EDT

Mitchell Hooper Wins The 2023 World’s Strongest Man

The 2023 World’s Strongest Man competition took place from April 19-23, in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. In hopes of determining this year’s greatest Strongman, the organizers summoned 30 athletes who had proven themselves the most in the past season. These athletes were divided into five groups of six for qualifiers, which lasted for two days. After completing six events, the best two athletes from each group went on to the finals. In the finals, the ten athletes completed another ten events and Mitchell Hooper proved to be the best out of the bunch. So, Hooper earned the prestigious title of 2023 World’s Strongest Man..There was never any doubt that Mitchell Hooper could become the 2023 World’s Strongest Man, having put up very consistent performances in both the qualifying and the finals. He faced some fierce pressure from Tom Stoltman and Oleksii Novikov, as only one point separated the top three after day one of the finals. So, day two of the finals was crucial.
However, Mitchell Hooper entered the second day of the finals even better than the first one, winning two out of three events and solidifying his place at the top. He then went to perform the Atlas Stones and easily sealed the deal.
Mitchell Hooper 2023 WSM Finals Performances
Qualifying

Loading Race: 5 in 42.05 s (First-Place)
Deadlift Machine: 8 reps (First-Place)
Log Ladder: 5 in 39.51 s (First-Place)
Conan’s Wheel: 636 ° (First-Place)
Kettlebell Toss: 6 in 17.18 s (Second-Place)

Finals

Reign Shield Carry: 64.8 m (First-Place)
Knaack Deadlift: 8 reps (First-Place)
Fingal’s Fingers: 5 in 49.89 s (Sixth-Place)
Max Dumbbell: 140 kg (Tied-First)
Bus Pull: 30.24 s (First-Place)
Atlas Stones: 5 in 36.96 s (Second-Place)

Mitchell Hooper / Courtesy of World’s Strongest Man
Mitchell Hooper had an unbelievable performance throughout the entire competition. He first won four out of the five events in the qualifiers, placing second in the fifth event as well. He then moved on to the finals and met up with the best performers from other groups as well. In the finals, Hooper managed to win another four events, more than anyone expected. So, it is evident that no one was more deserving of this title than Mitchell Hooper.
It is crazy to think how this was just the second appearance at the World’s Strongest Man competition for Mitchell Hooper. Moreover, his professional Strongman debut came in late may of 2022, when Hooper placed eight at the 2022 WSM. So, he has not even spent a year in the sport, but has already claimed the biggest title in the sport.
In the 11 months that Mitchell Hooper has been competing, he already took part in 10 International competitions and won five of them.
Mitchell Hoopers International Victories

Related: Brian Shaw Reveals How He Almost Lost His Leg In Preparation For 2023 World’s Strongest Man
Mitchell Hooper looks like the next man in line to reach the heights of Zydrunas Savickas and Brian Shaw, especially due to his consistency in every event. While we will learn soon whether he has the desire to do so, he has already made history by becoming the first Canadian to win the World’s Strongest Man competition.
Full WSM 2023 Coverage

Discover comprehensive coverage of the 2023 World’s Strongest Man competition at our WSM coverage hub, featuring exclusive interviews, final results, event recaps and in-depth analysis: FitnessVolt.com/wsm
Published: 23 April, 2023 | 4:01 PM EDT

2023 World’s Strongest Man Results — Day Two Finals [Live Updates]

The stage is set for the final day of the 2023 World’s Strongest Man contest, which has been taking place from April 19-23, in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. Only three more events remain until the competition concludes and we find out who the World’s Strongest Man this year is. Those events are the Max Dumbbell, Bus Pull, and Atlas Stones.
The day one of the 2023 World’s Strongest Man finals saw Mitchell Hooper take the lead with two event wins. However, he still has a very difficult task for day two, as Tom Stoltman and Oleksii Novikov, both previous WSM champions, are within one point of him.
2023 World’s Strongest Man Finals Results [Live]

Mitchell Hooper (Canada) — 34.5 points
Oleksii Novikov (Ukraine) — 31 points
Tom Stoltman (UK) — 30.5 points
Trey Mitchell (USA) — 25.5 points
Evan Singleton (USA) — 25 points
Pavlo Kordiyaka (Ukraine) — 20.5 points
Brian Shaw (USA) — 17.5 points
Mathew Ragg (New Zealand) — 14.5 points
Luke Stoltman (UK) — 14.5 points
Jaco Schoonwinkel (South Africa) — 5.5 points (Withdrew)

Related: Eddie Hall Reveals His Top 3 Predictions For The 2023 World’s Strongest Man
2023 World’s Strongest Man Finals Day Two Event Recap
Max Dumbbell
The second day of the finals began with the Max Dumbbell event, in which the athletes had to lift a dumbbell from the floor and onto one shoulder, then perform an overhead press with one hand. They had to find a comfortable position with the dumbbell before attempting the press.
Mitchell Hooper has once again won the event, marking his third victory in the finals. However, this time he had to share it with Evan Singleton, since both men lifted 140 kilograms. In addition, both attempted to lift even more, but were unsuccessful.
In regards to the third-place finish, four men ended up sharing the points, as both Stoltmans, Novikov, and Kordiyaka all lifted 132 kilograms. Unfortunately for these four competitors, sharing the points means they missed out on earning more points individually.
Jaco Schoonwinkel had the dumbbell fall back to his shoulder on his first attempt, which caused him to fall down. Although he did walk off, it was later announced that Jaco withdrew.

Mitchell Hooper — 140 kilograms
Evan Singleton — 140 kilograms
Tom Stoltman — 132 kilograms
Pavlo Kordiyaka — 132 kilograms
Luke Stoltman — 132 kilograms
Oleksii Novikov — 132 kilograms
Trey Mitchell — 125 kilograms
Brian Shaw — 125 kilograms
Mathew Ragg — 125 kilograms
Jaco Schoonwinkel — Withdrew

Bus Pull
In the second-to-last event of the 2023 World’s Strongest Man, the athletes were tasked with pulling a bus a distance of 25 meters. Although the weight of the vehicle is unknown, the time limit for this event was 60 seconds.
*Results are coming soon
Atlas Stones
The Atlas Stones serve as the final event in most strongman competitions, including the 2023 World’s Strongest Man. However, this year’s competition features an exceptionally heavy set of Atlas Stones, with the five implements ranging from 150 kilograms (330.7 pounds) to 210 kilograms (463 pounds).
*Results are coming soon

Related: Mark Felix Retires From World’s Strongest Man Appearances; A Tribute to a Strongman Legend
Full WSM 2023 Coverage

Discover comprehensive coverage of the 2023 World’s Strongest Man competition at our WSM coverage hub, featuring exclusive interviews, event recaps, in-depth analysis, and results: FitnessVolt.com/wsm
Published: 23 April, 2023 | 11:00 AM EDT

Jaco Schoonwinkel Withdraws From 2023 World’s Strongest Man Competition

The final day of the 2023 World’s Strongest Man is underway in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, but it has proved to be very unlucky for one man. In the first event of the day, the Max Dumbbell, Jaco Schoonwinkel attempted to overhead press 115 kilograms (253.5 pounds). However, he was unsuccessful and ended up seemingly injuring himself on the attempt.
Jaco Schoonwinkel managed to lift the dumbbell onto his shoulder during the Max Dumbbell event but struggled to fully lock out the weight during the overhead press. As he attempted to lower the weight, he lost control, and it appeared to hit his shoulder. Jaco fell to the ground and remained lying down for a period before getting up and walking off. Fortunately, he seemed to be okay despite the incident.
However, Jaco Schoonwinkel was obviously not fine, as the World’s Strongest Man’s official Instagram page shared the news of his withdrawal from the competition. They did not reveal the exact reason why.

Related: Eddie Hall Reveals His Top 3 Predictions For The 2023 World’s Strongest Man
Jaco Schoonwinkel really lacked luck in the 2023 World’s Strongest Man finals, as he had another incident on day one. During the Reign Shield Carry event, Jaco started off well, but stumbled and fell after 15.92 meters. So, it is not clear if that incident has anything to do with his withdrawal today as well.
Jaco Schoonwinkel was one of the main surprises of the 2023 World’s Strongest Man competition. He was placed in a very tough group with Brian Shaw, Adam Bishop, and Rauno Heinla. Regardless, Jaco kept his cool and managed to win the group ahead of all these big names.
Jaco Schoonwinkel’s performances in the finals were less than desirable for him, but it is understandable as this was his debut at the WSM. Jaco is not too experienced in other competitions either, having only taken part in three more International competitions. Most notably, he finished second in both the 2021 Africa’s Strongest Man and 2022 Official Strongman Games.
Jaco Schoonwinkel’s 2023 WSM Performances
Qualifying

Loading Race: 5 in 47.10 s (First-Place)
Deadlift Machine: 6 reps (Fourth-Place)
Log Ladder: 4 in 34.77 s (Second-Place)
Conan’s Wheel: 713 ° (First-Place)
Kettlebell Toss: 6 in 47.32 s (Third-Place)

Finals

Reign Shield Carry: 15.92 m (Tenth-Place)
Knaack Deadlift: 5 reps (Tied-Seventh)
Fingal’s Fingers: 4 in 40.76 s (Tenth-Place)

Related: Mark Felix Retires From World’s Strongest Man Appearances; A Tribute to a Strongman Legend
Jaco Schoonwinkel is the first athlete to withdraw from the 2023 World’s Strongest Man finals, and hopefully the only one. There was only one other withdrawal in the entire competition, and it was Iron Biby at the start of the competition.
2023 WSM Coverage Recap

Discover comprehensive coverage of the 2023 World’s Strongest Man competition at our WSM coverage hub, featuring exclusive interviews, event recaps, in-depth analysis, and results: FitnessVolt.com/wsm
Published: 23 April, 2023 | 10:48 AM EDT

Negative Bicep Curls: The Ultimate Guide to Revolutionizing Your Arm Routine

It’s all about perception. Negatives are not always bad. Sometimes, they can be better than the positives — the negative bicep curls are an excellent example.
The negative bicep curls are biceps curls in reverse, which can help you build chiseled guns. Most lifters assume that curling is the only way to build bigger arms. The negative bicep curl, however, flips this assumption on its head. While performing a negative bicep curl, a lifter focuses on uncurling the weight to build bigger arms. 
Many lifters use momentum by swinging their torsos back and forth during the concentric (upward) motion of the negative bicep curl, which removes tension from the target muscle group and puts it on their shoulders and back. In the negative bicep curl, you focus on the eccentric (lowering) motion and use a slow and controlled motion, eliminating the use of momentum, leading to optimal muscle fiber stimulation and hypertrophy. 
The negative bicep curls, also known as eccentric bicep curls, focus on recruiting your slow-twitch muscle fibers by increasing your time under tension during the lowering motion of the lift. 
Our muscles consist of two types of muscles — fast and slow-twitch. The slow-twitch muscle fibers are endurance-based and engage in exercises with longer time under load. A negative dumbbell bicep curl set generally takes at least twice as long to complete as the conventional exercise.
In this article, we unlock the secrets of negative bicep curls, helping you build bigger, stronger, and more conditioned arms. We also dive into how to perform the negative bicep curls with the perfect form and tips to maximize results, their benefits, safety, and a sample biceps workout. 

What are Negative Bicep Curls?
Negative biceps curls are an advanced strength training technique. To an untrained eye, it can be difficult to distinguish between negative bicep curls and conventional bicep curls since they look very similar.
The negative bicep curls differ from the standard curls mainly because of their rep tempo. While the conventional biceps curl follows a 1-1-1-0 rep tempo (one second on the concentric motion, a second’s pause at the top, one second on the eccentric motion, and no rest at the bottom), the negative bicep curls use a 1-1-3-0 rep tempo, where a lifter spend at least three seconds on the lowering motion.
There are two ways to perform the negative biceps curl. The first involves using a spotter who will help you during the concentric part of the lift. The spotter will take most of the weight during the curling motion to ensure your muscle are not fatigued and are fresh for the lowering motion. It’s almost as if your spotter will curl the weight, and you’ll only lower it. 
The second method is more prominent as it doesn’t require a spotter. In this technique, you curl the weight as quickly as possible without using momentum and focusing on contracting your muscles. However, you’ll go as slow as possible during the eccentric motion to maximize muscle fiber engagement. 
You could use the negative bicep curl training technique on almost every exercise that involves dumbbells, barbells, kettlebells, resistance bands, or machines. It is also suitable with different grips, such as supinated, pronated, or neutral. 
How To Perform Negative Bicep Curls
This is how to perform the barbell negative biceps curl using the correct form:

Stand upright with a hip-width stance.
Grab a barbell with a supinated (underhand) shoulder-wide grip and hold it against your thighs.
Curl the barbell to your shoulders while keeping your elbows pinned to your sides.
Slowly lower the barbell to the starting position while only moving at your elbow joint.
The eccentric motion should take at least three seconds. However, you should aim for five seconds as you get better at this training technique.
Pause at the bottom for a second and spend one second on the concentric (upward) motion.
Repeat for recommended reps.

Benefits of Negative Bicep Curls
Here are the advantages of adding negative bicep curls to your exercise regimen:
Helps Build Muscle Mass and Strength
You can lift up to 40% heavier on the negative bicep curls while training with a spotter. Using such big weights will shock your muscles, which can help induce hypertrophy. Perform 8-12 reps if your goal is to build muscle mass. On the other hand, do 1-5 reps while focusing on your form to build strength. [1]
Break Through Strength and Muscle Plateaus
The negative curls are an incredibly effective advanced training technique for folks who have hit a strength or muscle plateau. The added training intensity will help spark new muscle tissue growth. You must also program the negative biceps curl into your training regimen to avoid hitting a plateau and keep making consistent gains. 
Eliminates Momentum
The negative bicep curl requires you to lower the weights as slowly as possible, eliminating the possibility of using momentum. Following a strict form ensures optimal muscle fiber recruitment. 
On the flip side, you’ll use a spotter during the concentric motion. Since you only have to do half of the usual work in this variation, it helps restrict the use of momentum. However, some people tend to curve their backs during the concentric motion for leverage, which can put undue stress on their backs, increasing the risk of injury. 
If you’re not training with a spotter, you must curl the weight while maintaining an upright back and keeping your elbows pinned to your sides. Swinging your torso back and forth will result in secondary muscle recruitment. 
Versatility
The negatives are a versatile training technique. You could use them in any dynamic exercise that uses eccentric and concentric motion, such as bicep curls, squats, bench presses, deadlifts, lunges, etc. 
You could do it with any training equipment, including dumbbells, barbells, kettlebells, resistance bands, and machines using your preferred grip (overhand, underhand, or neutral). To sum it up,  the possibilities of what you can achieve with negative bicep curls are limited only by your imagination.
Beginner-Friendly
Although negatives are technically an advanced training principle, they can also be used by beginners. Negatives involve focusing on the eccentric motion of a lift, meaning a lifter has to concentrate on only half of the range of motion. The limited ROM can help a beginner drill the movement. Furthermore, the longer time under tension will put your muscles under optimal hypertrophy conditions. 
Lift Heavy
You can lift up to 40% heavier on the negative bicep curls than the conventional curling exercises; however, you must have a spotter to help you through the concentric motion. Ensure you do not bite off more than you can chew, as it can increase your odds of injury. The biceps curl is an isolation (single-joint) lift. Lifting more weights than you can handle can put your biceps tendons under significant stress, making them susceptible to tears. 
Greater Time Under Tension
Negative bicep curls increase your time under tension by at least 30%. The longer time under load will lead to insane muscle pumps, as the target muscles are filled with blood and lactic acid. Blood also carries nutrients to the muscle tissues that can help build bigger and stronger muscles.
Less Fatigue
A 2015 study found that eccentric muscle actions cause less fatigue than concentric movements, especially at higher intensities. Additionally, eccentric movements are also more effective at building power. [2]
According to the findings of this study, performing negative biceps curls at the end of a workout when your muscles have started fatiguing can help step up your training intensity without exhausting your muscles. 
Sample Negative Bicep Curl Workout (How To Program)

Although negatives are not as fatiguing as concentric-only movements, you shouldn’t overdo them. Limit your negative curl use to one exercise per workout to avoid overtraining your muscles. Given below is a sample biceps workout that includes an eccentric-only exercise:

In this workout, you’ll use the ‘negative’ advanced training principle on the machine preacher curl. Since this is a machine exercise, we recommend using a spotter to help you through the concentric motion. 
Weights
Folks that generally lift 90 pounds on the machine preacher curl for 3-5 sets of 8-12 reps can go up to 125 pounds on the eccentric biceps curl sets. You must ensure that you have a spotter for the concentric movement. 
Reps
Even though you’ll only be doing negatives on this exercise, you shouldn’t expect to complete eight reps for 3-5 sets while lifting 40% heavier. Aim to complete 3-5 negative-only reps on the machine preacher curl and spend 3-8 seconds on the lowering portion of the lift. 
Tips For Negative Bicep Curls
Use these training tips to make the most of this advanced training technique:
Follow a Picture-Perfect Form
Irrespective of your training goal, whether you are lifting to build muscle mass, strength, or endurance, you must use a textbook form to get the best bang for your buck and reduce your risk of injury. 
The negative bicep curls are an isolation exercise and limit movement to the elbow joint. Keep your elbows pinned to your sides while restricting the use of momentum. Maintaining a slight bend in your knees will also limit your lower body engagement. 
Rep Tempo
The rep tempo is the main difference between the conventional bicep curls and the negatives. The standard bicep curl variations have a one-second eccentric motion, whereas negative-only exercises involve a three-second or longer eccentric time. 
Experiment With Your Grip
Although most people use a supinated (palms facings the ceiling) grip while doing negative biceps curls, incorporating different grips, such as neutral and pronated (palms facing your body), can help improve your biceps stimulation. 
How Often To Perform Negative Bicep Curls?
The negative bicep curls are an advanced training technique that can significantly strain your muscles, as they substantially bump up your training intensity. Performing negative curls in each workout for every exercise can lead to overtraining, which can stall your progress. 
Your biceps are a small muscle group. We recommend limiting training your biceps to twice a week. Furthermore, you should restrict negative bicep curls to one exercise per training session. 
As a rule, you must give your muscle at least 48 hours to recover between workouts. Additionally, since your guns are a supporting muscle group in your back workouts, you should have a 48-hour gap between your back and biceps workout. 

Negative Biceps Curls Safety
Most exercisers lift significantly heavy on the negative biceps curl than their conventional bicep curl weight, considerably increasing their odds of injury. 
You must adjust your training intensity while doing the negative biceps curl according to your experience level. Beginners should lift at most 20% of their normal curl weight and should only do so under expert supervision to ensure proper training form. 
Individuals who exercise without a partner should also refrain from lifting more than 20% of their regular curl weight. Finally, experienced lifters must ensure they only use the eccentric-only advanced training technique once weekly in their biceps training regimen to avoid the risk of overtraining. 
Wrapping Up
Contrary to what many people think, biceps training does much more than improve your physique aesthetics. Strong pythons can enhance your performance in compound movements like rows, deadlifts, and clean and jerk and improve your overall functionality. 
Incorporating negative curls into your training regime can boost your upper arm strength and hypertrophy. Negative bicep curls are a versatile training technique that can be used in a variety of exercises. 
You must, however, start light and work your way up gradually. There is nothing worse than pulling a muscle while trying to impress your gym crush. Now that you know everything there is to learn about the negative bicep curls, put together a training program, and begin curling. Best of luck!
References

Krzysztofik M, Wilk M, Wojdała G, Gołaś A. Maximizing Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review of Advanced Resistance Training Techniques and Methods. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Dec 4;16(24):4897. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16244897. PMID: 31817252; PMCID: PMC6950543.
Kelly SB, Brown LE, Hooker SP, Swan PD, Buman MP, Alvar BA, Black LE. Comparison of concentric and eccentric bench press repetitions to failure. J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Apr;29(4):1027-32. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000713. PMID: 25268291.

2023 Los Angeles Grand Prix Pro Results — Carlos DeOliveira Wins

The Men’s Physique division headlined the 2023 Los Angeles Grand Prix Pro at the Anaheim Mariott in Anaheim, CA on April 22. Over 20 competitors battled on stage with hopes of earning a coveted invitation to the Mr. Olympia competition.
The bodybuilding calendar will welcome the next Mr. Olympia show from November 2-5, in Orlando, Florida inside the Orange County Convention Center. Athletes have until October 9 to qualify. The top three Men’s Physique finishers from 2022 Olympia are automatically invited back to compete again at this year’s event.
The Men’s Physique winner from this weekend will have a chance to take Olympia gold from Erin Banks – the man who just cemented himself as a two-time Arnold Classic champ. 
Heading into SoCal, there were a few names fans expected fireworks from, like Carlos de Oliveira, who recently finished fifth at the 2023 Arnold Classic. In addition, Kevin Brown and Joseph Lee were eager to turn in statement-making performances.
2023 Los Angeles Grand Prix Pro Results
Men’s Physique

Winner — Carlos DeOliveira
Second Place — Joseph Lee
Third Place — Andres Ramos
Fourth Place — Kevin Brown
Fifth Place — Roberto Lima
Sixth Place — Aundre Benson 
Seventh Place — Jorge Hernandez
Eighth Place — Damar Turner
Ninth Place — Steven Pham
Tenth Place — Franky Yan

2023 Los Angeles Grand Prix Pro Scorecard

Fitness Volt congratulates the winner!
Published: 23 April, 2023 | 4:03 AM EDT